Pogoni is one of the lesser-known areas of Epirus. For many years, it endured “political” isolation from the state, a factor that impacted it for decades. However, the long-standing history of these villages allows them to preserve their traditions despite the passing of time.

Historical Facts and Information about Dolo

The Name, First Inhabitants, and Their Settlement

• The original name of the village was Deli. After the Slavic invasions, it was changed to Dolo, meaning something of low elevation. (ΠΩΓΩΝΙΑΝΗ-ΔΟΛΟ-ΔΡΥΜΑΔΕΣ-ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣΚΙΑΔΙ, ΚΟΙΝΟΤΙΚΟ ΔΙΑΜΕΡΙΣΜΑ ΔΟΛΟΥ – Νίκος Θ. Υφαντής, σελ. 355)
• Regarding the village’s name, I. Lampridis writes (Epirus Chronicles: Pogoniaka, 7/9) that it originates from the Slavic root dol, meaning “low place,” which aligns with the village’s location, as the mountain rising to the north blocks the sun.
• K. Oikonomou (ΤΑ ΟΙΚΩΝΥΜΙΑ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ ΙΩΑΝΝΙΝΩΝ, σελ. 101) states that, according to linguist Max Vasmer, the toponym is Slavic and derives from the ancient Slavic dolb, meaning “valley.”

There are no written records of the village’s creation or the initial settlement of its inhabitants. Previously, the village was a temporary settlement established in the early 7th century AD, following the Slavic invasions around 550 AD when the entire region was looted. The inhabitants were primarily involved in livestock farming.

According to tradition, the first inhabitants arrived around the 9th or 10th century from the villages of Zioupani (now Pentalofo) and Dolo (now Vytho) in Kozani and settled sporadically in various locations in the area, from Pogoniani to Dolo. They chose this area because it offered safety, plains, and mountainous pastures for their animals, as they were both farmers and shepherds. In memory of the homeland they left behind, they named it Dolo, as most of them came from the village of Dolo.

The existence of the settlement is confirmed by a record from the Molivdoskepasto Monastery, where the name of the donor “Georgios, kyrantza, from the village of Dolo” is written, dated to the year 1030.

Dolo today

The village has been designated a preserved settlement since 1978, and this is no coincidence, as over the years it has retained its traditional architecture with stone houses, a square with the church, and cobblestone paths.

Additionally, it lies on the edge of the European Natura 2000 Network area (Gormos Valley, Zaravina Lake, Mount Dousko, Meropi Forest), which includes rich flora and birdlife.

In the village square stands the church of Agios Nikolaos, built in 1812 on the site of an older church. It is a beautiful stone, three-aisled basilica with a porch supported by round columns. The bell tower (1833) has three bells and was crafted by Paschalis Zounis from Pyrsogianni. The platform outside the church was funded by proceeds from the theatrical performance Voskopoula, performed in Dolo on April 10, 1910, with actors and actresses from the village.

There is also the chapel of Agios Christophoros, the village’s patron saint. It is located on Mount Koutsokrano at an altitude of 1,125 meters and can be reached by a trail, offering a beautiful hiking route.

Events

Two celebratory events are held in Dolo. The first is on May 9th, in honor of Agios Christophoros, the village’s patron saint. The service takes place at the chapel of the saint, followed by an evening feast in the courtyard of Agios Nikolaos, under the chestnut tree.

The second celebration is held in the summer, traditionally around mid-August. This is when all the villagers gather for their summer holidays. The feast takes place in the courtyard of the church of Agios Nikolaos.

Source: https://www.dolo.gr/index.php/panigyri

Activities in Dolo

One of the most beautiful sights in the area is the Kouvaras Gorge and its two stone bridges.

The Kouvaras Gorge and the two stone bridges within it, spanning the river of the same name, are well worth a visit.

Nonoulos bridge

Nonoulos bridge and the watermill are located at the beginning of the ravine and can be accessed by a cobblestone path starting from the paved road. Specifically, it is situated at the northern exit of the Kouvaras Gorge between Dolo and Pogoniani (Vostina) and spans the Kouvaras River at the location called Xylogefyro, where there once was a wooden bridge.

The bridge is a single-arched structure with a span of 7 meters and a height of 6 meters above the water’s surface. It was built in the late 19th century with the savings of Nonos (Nonoula) Galanou, a poor woman from Dolo. Traveling daily to Vostina with her donkey to sell wood, she risked her life crossing the decaying wooden bridge. So, she decided to have it built in stone.

There are two different accounts regarding whether Nonoula managed to fulfill her dream before or after her death.

• According to the first account, poor Nonoula saved up her money and eventually gathered enough to have the bridge built. However, one day while riding her donkey, the animal was startled and threw her to the ground. This fall may have been the cause of her passing.
• According to the second account, after Nonoula’s death, coins totaling 5,000–5,500 Turkish lira were found hidden in her house wall. With this money, the stone bridge was built in place of the wooden bridge in her memory.

Regardless of these accounts, her fellow villagers never forgot her.

Next to the bridge stands the old watermill, now renovated.

Source: ΣΠΥΡΟΣ ΜΑΝΤΑΣ, ΓΕΦΥΡΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΠΙΝΔΟΥ ΤΟΜΟΣ Γ΄, σελ. 84

Kouvaras bridge

The second bridge, known as the “bridge within the gorge,” can be accessed from the area “Tsoumpari” before reaching Dolo. The path is well-marked, completely safe, and requires about 15 minutes of easy walking to reach the Kouvaras riverbed and the bridge. Specifically, it is located below the village of Dolo, in the Pogoni region, deep within the Kouvaras Gorge at the location called Gouves.

It is a single-arched bridge crossing the river of the same name, and it once served the old path leading to Pogoniani (formerly Vostina). The bridge was constructed in 1927 by decision of the village council, following designs by an engineer from Ioannina.

The master builder Paschalis Zounis from Pyrsogianni worked on the bridge with his crew. The cost amounted to 16,000 drachmas, mainly funded by Dolo natives who had emigrated to America. The locals contributed with manual labor, and the women carried materials.

The bridge’s construction was significant for the residents, as it connected the two villages of Dolo and Pogoniani, allowing safe passage. Upon completion, a grand celebration followed.

Unfortunately, the residents did not get to admire the bridge for long in its beautiful, new state. Some women began removing stones and throwing them into the river, believing it would break any curses. Single women hoped it would help them find a husband, those without children hoped it would bring them fertility, and mothers wished to protect their children from death. They would say, “Throw a soumbela into the Pit to break the spell” (soumbela meaning a large, irregularly shaped stone).

Source: ΣΠΥΡΟΣ ΜΑΝΤΑΣ, ΓΕΦΥΡΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΠΙΝΔΟΥ ΤΟΜΟΣ Γ΄, σελ. 85

The Kouvaras Gorge is an impressive geological formation approximately 5 km long, separating the two settlements of Dolo and Pogoniani. The gorge is rich in diverse vegetation, featuring oaks, ash trees, hornbeams, maples, wild cherries, wild almond trees, both wild and cultivated figs, chestnuts, plane trees, and willows. The dense and varied plant life, along with rock openings, provides a safe nesting and feeding habitat, particularly for birds of prey. It serves as an important habitat for rare bird species.

The Kouvaras Gorge is an impressive geological formation approximately 5 km long, separating the two settlements of Dolo and Pogoniani. The gorge is home to a diverse range of vegetation, including oaks, ash trees, hornbeams, maples, wild cherry trees, wild almond trees, wild and cultivated figs, chestnuts, plane trees, and willows. The dense and varied plant life, along with rock openings, provides a safe nesting and feeding area, especially for birds of prey. It is an important habitat for rare bird species.

Accommodation

In Dolo, there is an agritourism complex run by Christoforos Kostaras, featuring a guesthouse in a renovated building from 1884. Its unique feature is the traditional Sarakatsani hut located in the courtyard of the complex.

<p>The post Dolo: The beautiful preserved village of Pogoni first appeared on Epirus Explorer.</p>

According to Spyros Stoupis, Pogoniani was the second hub of Pogoni, serving as the administrative center during the Ottoman period and as a commercial center for the western part of the region.

Around the late 1800s, it was divided into main Vostina and Varos, where a renowned tekke (Muslim monastery of dervishes) was located. It had a grand church, a mosque, an administrative center, schools for both Muslims and Greek Orthodox, three inns, and five shops. It also operated a Public Gymnasium and a National Boarding School.

Pogoni is one of the lesser-known areas of Epirus. For many years, it endured “political” isolation from the state, which affected it for decades. However, the long-standing history of these villages enables them to continue their traditions despite the passage of time.

Historical Facts and Information about Pogoniani

Historical Origin of Pogoniani and the First Settlements Around the Area:

There are no precise historical records regarding the initial settlement of Pogoniani. However, according to oral tradition, the first inhabitants of Pogoniani, as well as Dolo, were families of farmers and shepherds from Macedonia. Between 1030 and 1100, seeking a safe location and trying to escape barbarian invasions, they moved to and settled in the area.

Over time, the settlers spread throughout the area surrounding Pogoniani.

According to the book Dolo in Pogoni, most families settled collectively at the southern point of the “Megali Rachi” and below, forming four settlements: Avles, Omala (or Omali), Tourovo, and Kopanos. These settlements were established close to one another for security reasons.

It is likely that families from Turnovo (now Gorgopotamos) in the province of Konitsa came to Tourovo. They originally arrived as craftsmen (builders) from their village and settled permanently, naming the settlement Turnovo, later Tourovo (now Tourovo Forest), in memory of their homeland. These settlements remained until the 14th or even 15th century.

The area of the four settlements served as a passage point because a branch of the Egnatia Road passed through, following a long route through Pogoni and along rivers, with connections to Gjirokastra, Delvinë, Saranda, Brindisi, and Rome.

In this area, they had built two churches to meet their religious needs, remnants of whose foundations were found among the oak trees. Serbian families likely settled alongside the first inhabitants in Vostina and remained until the arrival of the Turks (1450-1500), at which point they were forced to leave the area.

However, during excavations in 1940, graves covered with slabs and oriented to the east, in accordance with Christian customs, were uncovered. The skeletons indicated that the buried individuals were tall in stature.

The plague

The dreadful disease that began in Italy appeared in Pogoni around 1343-1345 and literally decimated the population within a few years.

Two-thirds of the population died. Those who survived the plague moved northwest and established the settlement “Ziouglarates” (Ziouglarates means “farmers” and derives from the word ziougklines, a yoke attachment used to secure the necks of oxen). The surviving residents of Tourovo migrated to Bulgaria.

Formation of the settlement of Vostina

Vostina, as a distinct settlement, was likely formed after 1550. The first residents were Muslim converts from various regions, whom the Turks settled there.

According to tradition, around 500 Muslim families gathered in Vostina, attracted by the healthy climate, ample pastures, and Vostina’s position as a natural center for the 22 villages of the area. Over time, many of these families relocated to other areas. With the settlement of Muslim families in Vostina, the Turks seized Christian residents’ properties and transferred them to the converts, further restricting the Christians to a designated area and forcing them to relocate. The oppression they suffered led many to emigrate to other places.

To fulfill their religious duties, the converted families built a Muslim mosque and established dervishes (instructors) and Bektashis (monks, schismatic Muslims who revered the Prophet Elijah). A Bektashi tekke (monastery) was founded in Vostina, where dervishes and Bektashis lived, leading rather indulgent lives. Around this time, Turko-Gypsies also settled in the area, providing entertainment for the Turks during celebrations.

Source: Νίκος Θ. Υφαντής, Η Πωγωνιανή – Παλιά Βοστίνα και τα Κοινοτικά Διαμερίσματα Δολό – Δρυμάδες – Σταυροσκιάδι, σελίδα 101

The name

There are several theories about the origin of the first name, Vostina, with the most prominent being:

• Lampridis interprets it as a “grazing place” due to the numerous pastures in the area.
• According to A. H. Papacharisis (Contribution to the Toponymy of Pogoni), the word Vostina in Serbian means “place of bees,” and on the slopes of the mountain above the village grows the bee herb.
• The most likely origin, however, is from the Turkish word bosti, meaning “place of tax payment.” Around 1550, the Turks required residents from the entire region to come to Vostina to pay their tax (bosti).

As for the name Pogoniani, according to Kostas Oikonomou (The Place Names of Ioannina Prefecture), the name appears in documents from the 16th-17th centuries in forms such as Pogoniani, Pogoiani, Pogoiani. The toponym originates from the adjective Pogoniani, with the omission of nouns like “location” or “church,” and it derives from the neutral Pogoni with the suffix -iani.

The name Pogoniani was generally applied to the entire Pogoni region. However, the community council of Vostina, which wished to adopt the region’s broader name, restricted the use of Pogoniani to a single community.

The form Pogoniani is also used in various local folk songs and holds the same breadth of meaning as the word Pogoni.

Today, the form Pogoniani is officially used only in the title of the Metropolitan: “Metropolitan of Pogoniani and Dryinoupolis, Exarch of all Northern Epirus.”

Source: Α.Χ. Παπαχαρίσης «Συμβολή εις το τοπωνυμικόν του Πωγωνίου» ΗΠΕΙΡΩΤΙΚΑ ΧΡΟΝΙΚΑ, 1933

The toponym Pogoni may be formed as follows:

• From the noun apogoni, meaning “the sheltered area,” and the adverb apougona, meaning “sheltered.”
• Or from the Slavic noun pogon, meaning “path,” combined with the prefix po (or pod), meaning “under, near,” and the noun gonb, meaning “pursuit, hunting ground, pasture, part of a field,” as well as the verb goniti, meaning “to hunt,” with the possessive adjectival suffix -jp, feminine -ja.

The Life of the Residents and Coexistence with the Turks

The Christian families that remained in Vostina numbered around 50 and lived scattered in huts, engaging in household livestock farming and agriculture. These families agreed to stay after the Turkish beys promised they would not be forced to convert to Islam.

Over time, most of them abandoned agricultural activities and began working in Turkish households as servants or laborers on estates. The remaining families (about 15) continued with agricultural work. These families were called “Tsiftji Hanedes,” and the people were referred to as tsiftjides. Gradually, Christians were allowed to build their huts on the edges of the estates.

Source: Νίκος Θ. Υφαντής, Η Πωγωνιανή – Παλιά Βοστίνα και τα Κοινοτικά Διαμερίσματα Δολό – Δρυμάδες – Σταυροσκιάδι, σελίδα 113

The policy of showing respect and willingness to work for the conqueror, even for minimal pay, was the only way for them to survive during a time when boys were forcibly conscripted into the Turkish army, and girls were violently taken from their homes to be placed in Turkish harems or given as gifts to Turkish officials. In this way, they managed to coexist and live while preserving their Christian names and maintaining—as much as possible—individual and family safety.

Because the Christians were obedient and disciplined, the Turks allowed them to build houses in the eastern part of the village. Much later, they built their first church, dedicated to Saint Nicholas, at the location where the main church of Pogoniani stands today.

The Turks of Vostina

Some of the beys protected the Christian population. One of them was Ismail Efendi. He came from Thessaly to Vostina, bringing as dowry two estates and maintaining mills by the river at the exit of the Kouvaras Gorge. When he arrived in Vostina, his original intent was to convert the Christians of the surrounding villages to Islam. However, instead of converting them, he ended up protecting them.

In Vostina, the Muslim population was the majority.

From 1560 onward, the area’s climate and location attracted many beys, who built grand residences with orchards—impressive in both size and wealth.

Today, Ismail Efendi’s summer residence, Bey of Thessaly, still stands, albeit in poor condition. This three-story building, located at the highest point of Vostina, was used as a Gymnasium Boarding School. Various alterations made to the building have destroyed its original interior layout.

Source: Νίκος Θ. Υφαντής, Η Πωγωνιανή – Παλιά Βοστίνα και τα Κοινοτικά Διαμερίσματα Δολό – Δρυμάδες – Σταυροσκιάδι, σελίδα 120

Administration Before and After the Turkish Conquest

According to tradition, around 900 AD, Macedonians settled sporadically in various areas. They lived in clans led by the eldest, who served as the family’s leader. Excavations revealed collective cemeteries and isolated graves near remote and solitary residences.

The plague that struck in 1350 forced the inhabitants to gather in communal spaces, build houses, organize into communities, and integrate into a broader administrative system. The oldest and most experienced men formed the Demogerontia (Council of Elders) and made decisions on community matters.

After the Turkish conquest, the new administrative system favored the aghas and beys in collecting taxes from Christians. The responsibilities of the local leaders changed: some tried to serve the people and avoid the oppressions of the conquerors, others sought to avoid aiding the occupiers, while others, seeking personal gain, became Spahis (landed military officials).

Source: Νίκος Θ. Υφαντής, Η Πωγωνιανή – Παλιά Βοστίνα και τα Κοινοτικά Διαμερίσματα Δολό – Δρυμάδες – Σταυροσκιάδι, σελίδα 123

Social Life

Social status played a primary role in all aspects of life—in church, festivals, celebrations, and family gatherings. Everyone had their place in the hierarchy: beys, aghas, landlords, nobles, bankers, and merchants, followed by others.

Of course, this order was not always consistent, and there were discrepancies within the hierarchy. The collection box and seats of the nobles saw changes in occupants.

Marriages were always arranged according to the same social class and religion.

Vostina was the center of 58 villages in the Vostina district. Village residents came to Vostina for various legal, administrative, and tax matters. For Christians, these gatherings also had national significance. Liberation was always their desire, and these meetings served as a way to organize.

Source: Νίκος Θ. Υφαντής, Η Πωγωνιανή – Παλιά Βοστίνα και τα Κοινοτικά Διαμερίσματα Δολό – Δρυμάδες – Σταυροσκιάδι, σελίδα 126

Festivals (Markets – Bazaars)

By decree of the Turkish government in 1846, Vostina’s market (Bazaar) was designated to be held every Thursday. This bazaar attracted agricultural and craft goods from 80 villages. It continued on a new basis from 1913 until 1940, when it ceased permanently.

Along with the shops, the old trades also disappeared: the tsaroucha makers, tailors and siegounades (wool coat makers), saddle makers, barbers, and many others. The khans (inns), which for years hosted caravans, closed down and were demolished. An old era faded away, leaving traces only in stories and old, faded photographs.

Browsing through Nikos Yfantis’ book Pogoniani – Old Vostina, we read that Pogoniani, before 1940 and before 1922 and liberation, had 34 various types of shops serving everyone.

Source: Νίκος Θ. Υφαντής, Η Πωγωνιανή – Παλιά Βοστίνα και τα Κοινοτικά Διαμερίσματα Δολό – Δρυμάδες – Σταυροσκιάδι, σελίδα 128

The Gymnasium of Vostina – Pogoniani

After the liberation struggles of 1912-13, the Albanian state was established, and Northern Epirus was incorporated into it. During this challenging period for Epirus—following the liberation struggles of 1912-13, the establishment of the Albanian state and its incorporation of Northern Epirus, the struggle for Northern Epirus’s autonomy, the delineation of Greek-Albanian borders, and the disaster of 1922—ways had to be found to protect orphans from Epirus and other regions of the “New Lands,” as well as refugee children from Northern Epirus and Asia Minor.

The solution came with the establishment of the Vostina Gymnasium. Within a few months, a four-year Gymnasium was founded in Vostina, beginning operations in the 1924-25 school year.

Despite the lack of resources, the work done at the Gymnasium, the students’ preparation at home, their training, and their acquisition of knowledge were remarkable. A large number of these students entered Higher Education without any special preparation and without any government support for housing and food.

Later, and for an extended period, thanks to the care of the Pogoni Philanthropic Association, a boarding house operated for all Gymnasium students for a symbolic fee. This boarding house was financially supported by the Ministry of Welfare and was housed in the so-called Annex, the largest Turkish building, located in a panoramic position near the foothills of Mount Bozovo. The building was named the Annex because it once served as an extension of the Orphanage.

Since 1963, the Gymnasium and Lyceum have been housed in a new building funded by financial contributions from the Pan-Pogonian Philanthropic Brotherhood of New York.

The Pogoniani Gymnasium lost its former influence as other Gymnasiums and Lyceums were established in the provinces of Pogoni, Zagori, and Konitsa, which drew in students. Additionally, after the 1940-41 war, the borders with Northern Epirus were permanently closed, leading to the depopulation of Pogoni villages and a lack of children.

Sources:
Νίκος Θ. Υφαντής, Η Πωγωνιανή – Παλιά Βοστίνα και τα Κοινοτικά Διαμερίσματα Δολό – Δρυμάδες – Σταυροσκιάδι, σελίδα 270
Επαμεινώνσας Βαδίλης, ΗΠΕΙΡΩΤΙΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΑ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗΣ, ΕΤΟΣ ΣΤ΄, τεύχος 1, σελ. 11

National Orphanage of Pogoniani

The only systematically organized Student Residence was the so-called National Orphanage of Pogoniani, which still exists today. It accepted only orphaned students, providing them with everything they needed—housing, clothing, shoes, food, and all school supplies.

The Cultural Heritage of Pogoniani: Museums and Artistic Spaces

Folklore Museum of Pogoniani – Dropolis

The idea of establishing a Folklore Museum was born in the 1960s and was initially realized by temporarily housing it in the old Primary School. Later, it was moved to the mansion of Leonidas Vasiliadis, where it remained for several years.

The area was rich in traditional artifacts that were at risk of being lost. Efforts were made to gather and preserve this material, either through donations of family items from residents or by conducting searches, even in old buildings.

This resulted in a remarkable collection that includes local costumes, embroidery, household utensils, items from agricultural and pastoral life, tools, and much more.

The historical significance and cultural value of this museum, established in the border region, are immense.

After some years, the Community also granted the building that housed the military outpost, along with all the museum material, to the Phileducational, Folklore, and Cultural Association. The building was renovated under the Leader program of the European Communities and was suitably repaired to house the Folklore Museum.

On August 25, 1996 (twenty years after the museum’s initial inauguration), the museum was inaugurated in its new location, where it remains today.

Source: Νίκος Θ. Υφαντής, Η Πωγωνιανή – Παλιά Βοστίνα και τα Κοινοτικά Διαμερίσματα Δολό – Δρυμάδες – Σταυροσκιάδι, σελίδα 338

Pogoniani Postal and Telecommunications Museum, Pogoni

The museum was established in 2013, with its inauguration taking place on August 12, 2013. It is housed on the ground floor of the Kolefas building and serves as a museum and communication space.

The collection of items was gathered by individuals who worked at OTE and ELTA, each of whom contributed in their own way to the creation of this museum. The largest part of the collection belongs to Mr. Kostoulas, who founded the museum with the aim of contributing to the cultural heritage of the area.

Source: Βοστινιώτης

The “Mosaic Workshop and Art Exhibition of Yiannis and Nikos Kolefas”

It is housed in Pogoniani, in the Municipality of Pogoni, in a historic preserved building constructed in 1870. The building was previously used as an administrative center by the Turks.

In the 1950s and 1960s, the first floor of the building housed commercial shops, while the second floor accommodated the offices of the Pogoniani Association. In 2013, the Municipality of Pogoni approved a restoration study for the building as part of the “Rural Development of Greece 2007-2013” program, which was completed in 2016.

The restored building now meets all modern museum standards and is ready to host the permanent exhibition of works by Yiannis and Nikos Kolefas, as well as various educational museum programs focused on the art of mosaic.

The building belongs to the Municipality of Pogoni, while the collection is owned by the “Friends of the Mosaic Workshop and Art Exhibition of Yiannis and Nikos Kolefas.”

Source: Βοστινιώτης

Activities in the area

There are many routes for visitors to explore in both the nearby and wider area. One of the most beautiful is the visit to the two bridges in the Kouvaras Gorge.

The Kouvaras Gorge and the two stone bridges within it, spanning the river of the same name, are well worth a visit.

One of the most beautiful sights in the area is the Kouvaras Gorge and its two stone bridges.

Nonoulos bridge

Nonoulos bridge and the watermill are located at the beginning of the ravine and can be accessed by a cobblestone path starting from the paved road. Specifically, it is situated at the northern exit of the Kouvaras Gorge between Dolo and Pogoniani (Vostina) and spans the Kouvaras River at the location called Xylogefyro, where there once was a wooden bridge.

The bridge is a single-arched structure with a span of 7 meters and a height of 6 meters above the water’s surface. It was built in the late 19th century with the savings of Nonos (Nonoula) Galanou, a poor woman from Dolo. Traveling daily to Vostina with her donkey to sell wood, she risked her life crossing the decaying wooden bridge. So, she decided to have it built in stone.

There are two different accounts regarding whether Nonoula managed to fulfill her dream before or after her death.

• According to the first account, poor Nonoula saved up her money and eventually gathered enough to have the bridge built. However, one day while riding her donkey, the animal was startled and threw her to the ground. This fall may have been the cause of her passing.
• According to the second account, after Nonoula’s death, coins totaling 5,000–5,500 Turkish lira were found hidden in her house wall. With this money, the stone bridge was built in place of the wooden bridge in her memory.

Regardless of these accounts, her fellow villagers never forgot her.

Next to the bridge stands the old watermill, now renovated.

Source: ΣΠΥΡΟΣ ΜΑΝΤΑΣ, ΓΕΦΥΡΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΠΙΝΔΟΥ ΤΟΜΟΣ Γ΄, σελ. 84

Kouvaras bridge

The second bridge, known as the “bridge within the gorge,” can be accessed from the area “Tsoumpari” before reaching Dolo. The path is well-marked, completely safe, and requires about 15 minutes of easy walking to reach the Kouvaras riverbed and the bridge. Specifically, it is located below the village of Dolo, in the Pogoni region, deep within the Kouvaras Gorge at the location called Gouves.

It is a single-arched bridge crossing the river of the same name, and it once served the old path leading to Pogoniani (formerly Vostina). The bridge was constructed in 1927 by decision of the village council, following designs by an engineer from Ioannina.

The master builder Paschalis Zounis from Pyrsogianni worked on the bridge with his crew. The cost amounted to 16,000 drachmas, mainly funded by Dolo natives who had emigrated to America. The locals contributed with manual labor, and the women carried materials.

The bridge’s construction was significant for the residents, as it connected the two villages of Dolo and Pogoniani, allowing safe passage. Upon completion, a grand celebration followed.

Unfortunately, the residents did not get to admire the bridge for long in its beautiful, new state. Some women began removing stones and throwing them into the river, believing it would break any curses. Single women hoped it would help them find a husband, those without children hoped it would bring them fertility, and mothers wished to protect their children from death. They would say, “Throw a soumbela into the Pit to break the spell” (soumbela meaning a large, irregularly shaped stone).

Source: ΣΠΥΡΟΣ ΜΑΝΤΑΣ, ΓΕΦΥΡΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΠΙΝΔΟΥ ΤΟΜΟΣ Γ΄, σελ. 85

The Kouvaras Gorge is an impressive geological formation approximately 5 km long, separating the two settlements of Dolo and Pogoniani. The gorge is rich in diverse vegetation, featuring oaks, ash trees, hornbeams, maples, wild cherries, wild almond trees, both wild and cultivated figs, chestnuts, plane trees, and willows. The dense and varied plant life, along with rock openings, provides a safe nesting and feeding habitat, particularly for birds of prey. It serves as an important habitat for rare bird species.

The Kouvaras Gorge is an impressive geological formation approximately 5 km long, separating the two settlements of Dolo and Pogoniani. The gorge is home to a diverse range of vegetation, including oaks, ash trees, hornbeams, maples, wild cherry trees, wild almond trees, wild and cultivated figs, chestnuts, plane trees, and willows. The dense and varied plant life, along with rock openings, provides a safe nesting and feeding area, especially for birds of prey. It is an important habitat for rare bird species.

<p>The post Tribute to Pogoniani: History, Culture, and Tradition first appeared on Epirus Explorer.</p>

How to reach Voidomatis springs

The springs are located at the beginning of the trail that starts from the village of Vikos and ends in the village of Monodendri. The hiking route we recommend to reach them begins at the village of Vikos, starting at the traditional fountain at the entrance of the village. As we walk, a magical landscape unfolds before us, with lush greenery and wild beauty.

The intense geological processes over millions of years have shaped this gorge of stunning beauty. To the left, the sheer cliffs of Tymfi, and to the right, Stouros offer impressive views.

After about 45 minutes of descent, we reach the location of the springs, a magical landscape. Beneath the enlarged rock called “Agkastromeni” lie the main springs of the Voidomatis.

Right next to them is the stone-built chapel of the Monastery of Panagia of Vikos, which was built in 1783.

<p>The post Hiking to Voidomatis springs: A unique experience in Vikos gorge first appeared on Epirus Explorer.</p>

The hike begins at an elevation of 1050 meters, with the trail starting just outside the village of Pades on the road towards Armata. There is a small parking area available just before the trailhead.

The route begins with a sign at point D1 directing towards the Church of Mikri Panagia and continues downhill, passing by a small chapel. About 1600 meters from the start, just before reaching the Aoos River, you’ll find a sign at point D2 where you turn left. The waterfall is located at an elevation of 750 meters, offering a vertical drop of 300 meters.

The journey to the enchanting Milopotamos Waterfall will captivate you from start to finish.

Walking through the lush green forest, you’ll enjoy stunning views of the surrounding mountains.

This hike offers an unforgettable experience, with the perfect reward waiting at the end: the waterfall and its small pond, inviting you to cool off and be mesmerized by their beauty.

A fairy-tale setting that is truly worth experiencing!

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The road is gravel, and a regular car can reach about 300 meters from the refuge.

The trail from the refuge to Dragon Lake is uphill and passes through forests of black pines, beeches, and oaks.

After about an hour and a half of hiking, we reach 2,000 meters, where the landscape opens up and the vegetation becomes sparse, as we are in the alpine zone.

Before us rises the summit of Smolikas at 2,637 meters, while behind us, the imposing Timfi mountain range can be seen, resembling a painting.

A little later, after approximately 3.5 kilometers, our trail intersects with the one that starts from the village of Pades and also leads to Dragon Lake. From this point on, the two routes merge.

After about 2 hours of hiking from the refuge, we reach the enchanting Dragon Lake. We take a short break for photos and food, and then continue towards the summit of Smolikas.

The trail is of moderate difficulty and particularly steep. Although it was summer, the weather conditions were favorable with a temperature around 25 degrees and cloud cover, which made the ascent easier.

The impressive views throughout the entire trail were a unique experience. After about an hour, we reach the summit, although in different weather conditions, the ascent might take longer due to the steep incline of the path near the top.

The path (from the refuge) is clearly marked and well-signposted, with a total duration of about 3 to 3.5 hours for the 7 kilometers of the trail. It is a wonderful hiking route that can be comfortably completed in a single day.

<p>The post Conquering Dragon Lake and the Summit of Smolikas: An Unforgettable Hiking Experience first appeared on Epirus Explorer.</p>

According to myth, a dragon lived in this lake and constantly clashed with another dragon living in Lake Smolikas.

It is said that Ali Pasha attempted to ascend to the lake, but a summer storm thwarted his plan.

Research shows that the lake’s depth does not exceed 5 meters. In its waters lives the alpine newt, a rare amphibian species protected by Greek and European law.

The trail to the refuge follows a well-formed path and passes through the springs of Avragonia, Antalki, Trafo, and Krouna.

Usually, the first three have water, and the pavilions provide short rest stops. Along the route, you can see the impressive cliffs of the Towers of Papigo (or Astraka) to your right. In about three hours, you reach the refuge

At the location “Radovoli,” above the plateau of the lakes and at an altitude of 1,950 meters, lies the Astraka mountain refuge.

he refuge can accommodate 52 people and belongs to the Hellenic Federation of Mountaineering & Climbing (EOOA). It was built by the initiative of the Mountaineering Club of Ioannina and the Papigo mountaineering group in 1966. It serves as a base for all mountaineering and climbing routes to the peaks of Tymfi. Since the spring of 2004, the second wing of the refuge has been operational.

In the summer months, the refuge operates daily, offering food, while in winter, it operates by arrangement with the manager.

For information, contact: 6973 223100 (Refuge manager: Georgios Rokas) or visit Astraka Refuge.

From there, it takes about 1 hour and 30 minutes to reach Drakolimni.

From the refuge, you descend the path, then pass through “Lakka Tsoumani” with the seasonal lake (at 1,750 m.).

In the same area, there are many springs and other smaller seasonal lakes. Continue uphill, and in 1 hour and 15 minutes, you will reach Drakolimni.

Regardless of the season, the area offers stunning views.

Your gaze encompasses the vastness of the landscape, stops at the two peaks of Gamila (the axes), continues along the ridges of Ploskos, is captivated by the bulk of Astraka, crosses the alpine meadows of Tymfi, and finally finds peace in the tranquility of the lake.

To the north, the landscape becomes even wilder, with steep slopes and ravines ending in the Aoos River. The view extends to the villages of the Lakka Aoou and the peaks of Smolikas. Drakolimni can be accessed from other areas, but this is the fastest and easiest route.

<p>The post Drakolimni of Tymfi – A magnificent journey through the mountainous world of Epirus first appeared on Epirus Explorer.</p>

Mikro Papigo is one of the most beautiful and well-preserved settlements in Zagori. It is not only the architecture but also the stunning location within the Vikos – Aoos National Park, under the imposing formation of Astraka and other peaks, a unique picture of natural beauty.

It consists of two neighborhoods, Megalo Papigo and Mikro Papigo, which, despite being about 15 minutes apart by car, form one community. Megalo Papigo is located at an altitude of 900 meters, and Mikro Papigo at an altitude of 980 meters.

To reach Megalo Papigo, follow the road from Aristi, cross the bridge over the Voidomatis River, and drive approximately 7.5 km along the “kagkelia,” the winding road with 14 sharp turns and stunning views. Continuing from Megalo Papigo, you reach Mikro Papigo, where the road ends.

Historical Information About Papigo

General Historical Information

Archaeological findings suggest habitation in the area since prehistoric times. According to historian I. Lampridis (Chapter 8, page 25), the village was founded immediately after the first church of Saint Vlasios was established in 912 “under Emperor Constantine.” Roman spears and Byzantine coins were found at that time.

I. Lampridis, in his work Zagoriaka (page 24), mentions that in the past, the word Papigo referred to a province consisting of many villages. However, in his time, it was a small town divided into two sections (neighborhoods) and separated by a stream, over which a stone bridge was built in 1854 at the expense of Anastasios Lolis. The larger section was built in a smooth, water-rich valley. It had about 700 inhabitants, 100 houses, and was the capital of the province, housing courts and workshops. The smaller section, located at the foot of Radovoli and about 20 minutes away from the larger one, had 400 inhabitants and 47 houses.

Etymology

According to Kostas Ev. Oikonomou (The Toponyms of the Ioannina Region), the place name is considered an Albanian formation and is attributed to the combination of the Albanian prefix “pa” (meaning without) and the noun “peng” (meaning pledge or hostage). It is difficult to determine the historical conditions that contributed to the creation of the toponym. The same etymology should apply to the name of the mountain in Albania, Maja e Papingut (“the peak of Papingo”), located about 31 kilometers northwest of Papigo.

Schools

Source: https://web.archive.org/web/20100909151559/http://www.papigo.gr/el/politismos/architectoniki_03.php

In Megalo Papigo, next to the church of Agios Vlasios, stands the school building of Megalo Papigo, erected in 1897 with funding from Michael Polychroniou, as stated on an inscription in the courtyard.

Previously, two schools operated in Mikro and Megalo Papigo until 1971. Today, an elementary school functions in Megalo Papigo.

The greatest contribution to its operation and financial survival came from Papigo’s benefactor, Michael Anagnostopoulos, who in 1888 established the “Kallineia” Schools in Papigo— a middle school, two elementary schools (one in Megalo and one in Mikro Papigo), and a kindergarten in memory of his mother, Kalina. The school also houses a valuable library of 1,200 volumes, donated by Michael Anagnostopoulos and transported from Boston to Papigo. Although many volumes were lost during the war, several remain today.

Architecture

Papigo (Mikro and Megalo) is built like all villages in Zagori. Between 1750 and 1850, houses were taller, more spacious, with wooden rooms, and most featured beautiful ceiling and wall decorations.

The craftsmen who constructed the houses were mainly from the villages of Konitsa and Tzoumerka, organized into guilds (called “bouloukia”). The painters who decorated the walls were mostly from the village of Chionades in Konitsa.

In most villages of Zagori, as well as in several houses in Papigo, a significant number of houses with folk wall paintings survive today.

What to see in and around Megalo and Mikro Papigo

The Rogovos Pools

When leaving Megalo Papigo and heading towards Mikro Papigo, just 1 km away, you will notice a small bridge and a sign. Park there and follow the path to admire the Rogovo Pools, also known as the “Kolymbithres.” These are natural pools formed in the limestone rocks by the movement of the Rogovo stream.

Hiking Routes

Papigo is located in an area that uniquely combines the beauty of natural and man-made landscapes, offering many different destinations and routes. The area is ideal for hiking, mountaineering, climbing, rafting, mountain biking, and walking tours in the surrounding traditional settlements. It is an ideal place for all seasons.

However, the heavy visitor traffic, especially in Megalo Papigo, the abundance of cafes and restaurants, and car parking detract from the village’s authenticity, yet it still manages to captivate visitors.

One of the most popular hiking routes leads from Mikro Papigo to Drakolimni of Tymfi, at an altitude of 2,050 meters, northwest of Ploskos peak.

Drakolimni of Tymfi

One of the most popular hiking routes leads from Mikro Papigo to Drakolimni of Tymfi. According to myth, a dragon living there was constantly in conflict with another dragon residing in Lake Smolikas. It is said that Ali Pasha attempted to ascend to the lake, but a summer storm thwarted his plan. Detailed information about the Drakolimni Tymfi route can be found here.

Churches

Agios Vlasios

Located in Mesochori, it was built in 1852 on the site of an older church from 912. A few meters from the church stands its imposing and majestic bell tower (1887), which is 15 meters high, hexagonal, and resembles a tower.

Agia Paraskevi

The date of construction is unknown. On the eastern side, a carved stone with the date 1898 is preserved.

Agios Georgios

Located in Megalo Papigo, Zagori, it was built in 1774 as a three-aisled basilica and renovated in 1880. The bell tower of Agios Georgios is rectangular, reaching ten meters in height and decorated with carved black plates depicting various Saints. It was built around 1830, as stated on an inscribed plaque.

Church of Virgin Mary

Located southeast of the Siopoto neighborhood, it is decorated with exceptional frescoes. On the eastern side, the date 1774 is inscribed.

Taxiarches

The only church in Mikro Papigo, it has been designated a protected monument by the Ministry of Culture. The construction date is unknown, but it is estimated that it was built in its current form in the 18th century.

Chapels

Panagia Paliouri – A small and simple church dedicated to the Nativity of the Virgin Mary. Agios Athanasios. Ai–Lias, 15 minutes away from the village, on a green hill. Agia Kyriaki and the Holy Apostles.

Bridges

Lakkos Bridge

Source: Bridgeography of Pindos, Spiros I. Mantas, Volume B, Page 517

It is located between Mikro and Megalo Papigo, in the Lakkos area. It is a single-arched bridge built on two perpendicular rocks, connecting the two settlements with the old path. It was built in 1854 by Anastasios Lolis. Anastasios Zordovoulis, or Lolis, from Mikro Papigo, practicing as a healer, became a great benefactor of both his village and the surrounding area. It is said that there was once an inscribed plaque that testified to the year of construction and the benefactor, but it was destroyed.

Boulougounsa Bridge

Source: Bridgeography of Pindos, Spiros I. Mantas, Volume B, Page 518

It is a small single-arched bridge located next to the main road before the turn to Megalo Papigo. It bridges the Boulougounsa stream, where the gardens of Papigo’s residents used to be. A fountain is nearby. According to I. Lampridis, Protosyngellos Matthaios Papathanasios paid 6,000 groschen for the construction of the bridge and the fountain (1871).

The Arched Cement Bridge

This bridge over the Voidomatis River was built with funds from Papigo residents in 1923 and connects Aristi with Papigo.

Where to stay if you visit Papigo

Recommended Accommodations:

• Avragonio: A warm and welcoming guesthouse with views of Central Zagori. Κλείστε τη διαμονή σας εδώ.
• Pantheon: A wonderful accommodation with views of the Astraka Towers and very hospitable owners. Κλείστε τη διαμονή σας εδώ.
• Mikro Papigo 1700 Hotel & Spa: A 5-star hotel complex in a beautiful location on the left slope of Mikro Papigo. Κλείστε τη διαμονή σας εδώ.

Dining in Papigo

Recommended Restaurants:

• Konaki in Megalo Papigo
• Veranda 1700 in Mikro Papigo

<p>The post Fairytale Papigo: The Most Famous Village of Zagorohoria first appeared on Epirus Explorer.</p>

It is located west and directly opposite the neck of the mount Zygos , which from the past is the boundary between the Northern and Central Pindos that continues with South Pindos (dolomite). But it is the “Gate of entry” from Epirus to Thessaly and Western Macedonia, and therefore an important transport hub. Among these mountainous parts of Pindos, a large valley is formed up to the village Anthochori which crosses Metsovitikos River and which, in the position “Baldouma”, is poured into the river Arachthos which springs from Zagorochoria.

Metsovo is surrounded by high mountains such as: Peristeri (2294 m), Mavrovouni (2160 m.), Zygos (1820 M.), Katara(1689 M.), Karakoli (1491 M.), Chrysovitsa (1559 m.), Tsouka Rossa or Kokkinorachi (1985 m.) in the NW of the artificial lake Aoos near Valia Calda Greece National Park(Attention: There is another Tsouka Rosha 2377 m. In the mountain range of Tymfi, on the border of the Vikos – Aoos National Park, next to the highest peak of Gamila).

About Metsovo

Metsovo is a purely mountainous town, one of the most traditional and picturesque, surrounded by several meadows but mainly from dense fir and beech forests, where various animals (bears, wolves, etc.) nest. In such a position and with such nature, the climate is purely continental, with low temperatures, many rainfalls and snowfall in winter and cool summers.

The Metsovitikos River is born from two springs, which forms two streams that merge under Metsovo and just before Anilio, creating Metsovitikos River. From there, the river first moves to the west and then to the southwest, where, after about 25 km, it meets the Zagoritikos river at Baldouma and together they create the large river Arachthos. In the past, the rushing waters of Metsovitikos River moved ten watermills and sawmills.

North of Metsovo and in close proximity is the picturesque plateau Politsia or Politsies (Policuare). From old and to the present in the rich meadows of this site, during the summer months, graze sheep, goats, cattle, domesticated or free horses, donkeys and mules that are a wealth for the breeders of Metsovo. The name probably originated in the latin word Policia and was associated with a Roman military garrison that had settled there.

The Politsia Plateau was the favorite country site of Metsovites and in the old years, as the historian Panagiotis Aravantinos informs us, the wealthy Μetsovites enjoyed the landscape by staying in tents. Today a large part of the plateau has been covered with water as in 1987 PPC constructed a hydroelectric dam. The artificial lake that was formed gathers the waters of the sources of Aoos River and the waters that gather in the plateau of Poliitsa.

Activities

In such an area the activities are many and varied. Metsovo is located in North Pindos which is a place where mountaineering and hiking are unique experiences. The routes and trails starting from Metsovo and well-marked, are numerous and have scalable difficulty. Crossing one of the most beautiful areas of Epirus in the Valia Calda (warm valley) National Park which is the brown bear’s habitat, they offer breathtaking pictures of nature.

From the area of ​​Metsovo passes the European Trail E6, on its way from Igoumenitsa to the country’s eastern border. Two of its most interesting parts are the city of Metsovo as a hub.

A very nice road trip is the tour of Lake Aoos as well as visiting the nearby Metsovo villages.

Metsovo Race: The Metsovo Athletic Club has been organizing the Ursa Trail and in the footsteps of the Bear running track in Metsovo since 2013. These races have become an institution for the region and it brings together athletes from Greece and not only. The goal of the organizers through the design of the route is to bring the athletes through into the bear’s habitat and make them aware of environmental issues and brown Bear. The route goes through old trails that have been cleaned with a lot of volunteer work and can now be used not only by the athletes on race day but also by everyone for hiking or mountaineering. Race info: www.metsovorace.gr 

During the winter months the ski resort of Anilio has easy and direct access via Egnatia Motorway (just 7km from the Anilio Exit) and snow removal services on a 24-hour basis.

What to see

Averof Vineyard

The vineyards of Metsovo are located in the locality of “Yíńetsi” , which in the Vlach local dialect means vineyard. Perched on the slopes of Pindos are the most mountainous vineyards of Greece at an altitude of 950-1050 meters. The re-planting vines project began somewhere in the late of 1950.

The vineyards of Metsovo are found in the habitat of the brown bear, which lives on the slopes of Pindos and which of course visits the vineyards tasting the grapes of its liking. Many times the people who work in the vineyards have found footprints from bears and teddy bears next to the vines. Moreover, every year in Metsovo is organized the established Mountain Marathon race “Ursa Trail-in the footsteps of the bear” that follows the bears’ steps. . However, Katogi Averof duly honored it by giving its name to a limited production of bottles the collector label with the Vlach name “Mare Ursa” (Big Bear).

The Katogi Averof Winery is harmonized with the traditional architecture of Metsovo, while the interior spaces with visual interventions create a unique spectacle. Next to the winery is the homonymous hotel that offers a complete hospitality experience.

The tour of the winery is definitely worth because the visitor originally is browsing the area of the “Museum”, where there are the writings of Averof, medals, personal effects, as well as the first draft for the label of the first wine “katogi”. Below is the route to the underground areas of the winery which is an audiovisual media experience between barrels and bottles.

Averof Museum

The Averof Museum of Neohellenic was inaugurated on 27 August 1988 by its founder, Evangelos Averof-Tossitsa, who had long wished to create a small yet exceptional Museum in his hometown. Its permanent exhibition comprises representative works by the major Greek painters, printmakers and sculptors of the 19th and 20th century, such as Gyzis, Lytras, Volanakis, Iakovides, Parthenis, Maleas, Galanis, Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas, Moralis, Tetsis, and many others. The museum’s Collection is regarded as one of the most complete and important of this period.

In addition to the Permanent Exhibition, the museum mounts temporary thematic, retrospective, group, and other special-interest exhibitions with art works selected from other museums and private collections in Greece and abroad.

The main corpus of the collection is the 200 works of 19th and 20th century Greek artists collected by the founder and donated to the Foundation, together with the modern three-storey building built specifically to house his collection. The fact that the collection was created from the outset for the purpose of establishing a gallery defines to some extent its museology character.

Fold Art Museum

The Metsovo Folk Art Museum is one of Baron Michael Tossizza Foundation’s very first projects and has been in operation since 1955. It is housed in the renovated manor house of the Tossizza family—famous benefactors of Metsovo— which was originally built in 1661.

Walking through the museum, the visitors can relive the atmosphere of centuries gone by and learn how a Metsovo manor house was organised and functioned. Based on the idea of an “open museum”, the museum’s valuable items and rich collections are exhibited in their natural space, inside the rooms, stables, warehouses and large parlours of the old mansion.

The exhibits include items that could have been present in a manor house during Metsovo’s economic boom, as well as items that uniquely represent the nation’s historical memory: Collections of firearms and swords from the struggle of 1821 against the Ottoman occupation, copper and wooden kitchen utensils, jewellery, traditional dresses, decorative plates and silverware, saddles embroidered with gold, chests, agricultural tools, looms and woven fabrics.

The museum also features a major collection of 66 icons, dating from the 15th to the early 20th century, as well as a collection of Byzantine metal items, covering a long period from the early Christian times up to the late Byzantine period. In 1991, the museum’s third floor was dedicated to Evangelos Averoff, featuring personal items and photographs from his life.

Tsanaka Museum

The Tsanaka Folklore Museum is housed in the old stone mansion of the Veneti and Tsanaka families in the area of ​​Agios Georgios (1 Grigorios Tsanakas str.) and is a Wallachian Art Museum in Metsovo. Completion of the restoration work and curatorship of the Museum was commissioned by the Moscow Dance Association in February 2013.

Museum exhibits include objects from the Veneti and Tsanaka families, as well as many Metsovite families. There are also two showrooms with a collection of 19th century old weavers, pillows and embroidery, as well as the area of ​​wool processing until the stage of fabrication of woven pillows and woolen garments.

Averoff Garden

The main street of Metsovo Square leads to the Averoff Garden. It is a beautiful location with trees and plants. In the center is the restored chapel of St. George. There, in 1840, George Averoff before emigrating said farewell to his mother and asked for the help of the Saint. Since then he has never returned, but has sent money to repair the old church and to create a garden with trees of Pindos.

Gkina’s watermill

At a relatively short distance from Metsovo on the banks of the Arachthos River is the Gkina’s watermill. It is one of the most famous watermills in the area and its connection to Metsovo and the adjacent monastery of the Dormition of the Virgin is made with a picturesque cobblestone pavement.

This mill used the power of the river’s abundant water, for many decades, in order to turn it into mechanical energy for grinding cereals in the wider area. It has been designated as a historic preserved monument.

Anthohori’s mechanism

The Open-air water-power Museum of Anthochori in Metsovo was designed to highlight the importance of water power, techniques for exploiting and harnessing the power of water, documenting the long-term procedure of traditional societies in the pre-industrial period. In the open air museum there are old remodeled watermills and various similar hydrokinetic systems

The area is in a spot with great views. There is no refreshment bar in the complex as stated in the information on the site. The visit was made on 18/08/2018.

Aoos Lake springs

Near Metsovo and at an altitude of 1340m on the northern slopes of Zygos, on the Politses plateau, lies the mountainous artificial lake of the springs of Aoos River amidst an idyllic landscape with lush pastures surrounded by high mountains with dense forests of fir, beech, black pine and pinus leucodermis. Its altitude ranks it as the most mountainous lake in Greece.

It is located between two National Parks, Valia Calda and Vikos-Aoos. Mavrovouni, Flega and Tsuka Rosa rise to the north while hills and forests around Chrysovitsa and Metsovo extend to the south. The shoreline of the lake is large and lacy with beautiful wooded small fjords and many islets forming inland.

The lake was built in 1987 on the Politses Plateau to generate electricity, gathering water from the springs of the Aoos River, as well as runoff from the Politses plateau, but without any provision for ecological benefits. The reservoir grows in the area of ​​the Politses plateau.

The lake is ideal for amateur fishing, with special permission, and regulations, or for swimming, although the waters are frozen due to altitude. Also offered for a lovely roundabout ride on the lakeside road by car, bike or horses.

The churches and the monasteries in Metsovo

Agia Paraskevi

It is located in the central square of Metsovo and is three-aisled basilica, and is the cathedral of the mountainous settlement. It is not known exactly when it was built, but it is first mentioned in 1511 and subsequently through successive restorations, in 1759 with the permission of the sultan, in 1894 at the expense of Georgios Averoff and in 1959 by the Baron Michael Tositsas Institution and the initiative of Evangelos Averoff – Tositsas. 

The interior deserves the visitor to pay special attention to the wonderful reredos crafted by Metsovite woodcarvers in 1730, as well as the double pulpit which is rare for Orthodox churches. The first for reading the Gospel, and the second for reading the Apostle and preaching. The church’s precious relics are the mosaics, which are copies of the mosaics of the Galla Placidia in Ravenna (5th century AD)

The church has witnessed historical events that marked the history of Metsovo. The late chieftain Captain Stylianos Kleidis was buried here and this is where all the official visitors of Metsovo worshipped.

In the courtyard the impressive belfry with the clock of 1925 that has 25m. height was built in the period 1880-1885 and costed 700 pounds sent from Alexandria by George Averof  together with the plans. In the continuous post-courtyard square the «Koultouki” every year on the 26th of July  takes place the feast of Agia Paraskevi and the graphic dance of the women of Metsovo dressed with their gold-plated and colourful costumes. (Only the grandees of Metsovo were seated in “Koultouki” and not only was  forbidden for second-class people to enter  in that square but even not to pass the next street (https://www.vlahoi.net).   

Agios Georgios

It is located in the center of a beautiful park (Averof Garden). The original temple was founded in the early 17th century. It is preserved in its present form since the first half of the 18th century. Inscription apron portable icon of St George drakoktonos mentions founding date of the church in the year 1747. The same picture is dated 1751 and is the work of Metsovite  painter Stergios Papagiannis. It is three-aisled basilica covered with stone slabs. He even sent a gardener from Alexandria to shape the garden

The church was renovated in 1850 at the expense of George Averof. The benefactor himself connected particularly with this place. At this point, where the Chapel of St. George was, farewelled his mother when he emigrated and invoked the help of Saint making a promise to Him. George Averof, ten years later, was a successful merchant, kept his promise covering the costs of repair of the church and the creation of the park.  

He even sent a gardener from Alexandria, where he was settled, to form the garden which from the middle of the 19th century is known as Averof Garden. Almost a century later, in 1964, at the expense of the Baron Michael Tositsas Foundation maintenance works were done at the temple. In 2002 the church was preserved and restored in total with the personal expense of Yiannis Michael Averof. The last one is the great-great-grandson of Avgerinos Averof, the greatest brother of the Grand National benefactor George Averof, and served as mayor of Metsovo, Ioannina MP and MEP.He is the founder and lifelong president of EGNATIA EPIRUS Foundation.

Agios Dimitrios

It is located at Kato Meria (Kato Mahalas or Giosani) and is the second parish church of Metsovo and of the oldest churches, since, as it is called, this is where the habitation began. It is unknown when the original church was built. It was destroyed several times by earthquakes and was rebuilt entirely in 1818 and even with a firman of Ali Pasha. The positive attitude of Ali is due to the assistance he received from Metsovo helping him to cross the Zygos trail during this winter without problems. And here, as in Agia Paraskevi, there are two pulpits, something rare for Orthodox Church, as well as other remarkable relics. The churche was repaired for the last time in 1908

Αgioi Pantes (All Saints)

The church is located in the northern part of Metsovo. It is unknown the date of the founding and building. According to historical information it was burnt on November 22, 1848 and rebuilt in 1850 at the expense of the great national benefactor George Averof. The hagiographies of the temple and the portable icons of the iconostasis are works of art.

The Holy Trinity

Small but impressive church at the entrance of Metsovo. The original date of the temple’s building remains unknown. It was renovated in 1891 at the expense of G. Averof. The same year the belfry was built above the main entrance of the church.

Agios Charalambos

It is located in the southeastern side of Metsovo in the “Giosani” district (i.e. lower neighborhood). It is a large three-aisled Basilica, which was renovated in 1834  by Metsovite Ioannis Tsanakas and then in 1850 at the expense of George Averof, ass well as in 1964 at the expense of the Baron Michael Tositsas Foundation. On the west side has been added a nice bell tower. Internally the church is partially decorated with mural decoration. Inside it has a lovely painted ceiling, frescoes and remarkable woodcarvings (the temple, the two pulpits, the ciborium and the bishop’s throne).

Agios Athanasios (Griziou)

It is located in the homonymous area at the beginning of the old road Metsovo-Ioannina. The church was founded on 21 August 1871 at the expense of the benefactor Andreas Fardis, while the inauguration took place in 1873. There have also been two renovations (1907, 1975) the first at the expense of I. Dasoula, established in New York. The last renovation and maintenance of the church was made in 1975. The last renovation and maintenance of the church was made in 1975.

The Saints Anargyri

The church is located on the southeastern side of Metsovo. It is a temple that was originally built in 1879 at the expense of the Metsovite benefactor Georgios Averoff. The church was demolished in 1980 and in its place was erected the High School of Metsovo. Soon the current namesake temple was erected in another area. The new church was inaugurated by the Metropolitan Bishop of Ioannina on November 1, 1984.

The Holy Apostles Peter and Paul

It is located in the southwestern part of Metsovo. Very old church but went through a radical renovation in 1895 at the expenses of G. Averof.

Profitis Ilias (Prophet Elias)

It is located at the south entrance of the plateau “Politses”, on the north side of Metsovo on the road to Kalambaka. The building date of the original temple remains unknown. From reports it is known that in 1861 the temple was renovated αt the expense of Panagiotis Tzioukas who was in Cairo. In 1912 burned and rebuilt with the expense of the Metsovo community and the assistance of the residents. The last renovation of the church was made in 1956. The church is historically linked to the liberation of Metsovo from the turkish enslavement after that there was killed Stylianos Klidis  who was the eader of the Cretan volunteer scouts at the battle of Prophet Elias on November 10, 1912.

Agios Athanasios (Zygos)

It is located in the eastern foothills of Zygos and the former entrance to the vivillage of Metsovo. It has frescoes from the famous Metsovite painter Stergios Papagiannis dating from 1743 to 1748, exquisite wood carvings by the sons of Stergios Vardakas dating from 1744, and excellent images of Christ and the Virgin Mary by the Metsovite painter Georgios Chrysoloras. According to the tradition, the temple was rebuilt entirely in 1818 with a firman of Ali Pasha. The current iconostasis is the work of Ioannis Gionis. 

Here in March 1854 Theodoros Grivas with his rebel scorps  gave a 24-hour futile battle against the Turks in their attempt to keep Metsovo, which they had occupied just before. Near the church there are three foutains: the fountain of St. Athanasios near the vineyards, the Siafa’s single hydrant fountain near the old Turkish cemetery and the fountain of Boianou.

The Holy Dormition Monastery

It is located on the eastern outskirts of Metsovo in the upper valley of the Metsovitikos River. It was built in 1754. The building complex consists of two-storey cells, hostels, and paved courtyards. The monastery is fully decorated with frescoes of the 17th century. The belfry is wooden from the middle of the building and upwards.

According to oral tradition, the bell was manufactured in Ioannina in 1870. This monastery, as well as Saint Nicholas’, due to its location by the river, has always been a pleasant station for the travelers who followed the road Ioannina-Kalampaka via Zysos. But in 1958 it was abandoned and left deserted until 1977 when the philologist nun Thekla came and gave life again. Inside the Katholikon, apart from the frescoes of 1754, there is a nice wooden iconostasis made in two different periods of time. Apart from the asphalt road, you can access it with a very nice hiking route, following the same cobbled path that descends to the Watermill of Gina.

The monastery celebrates annualy on the 15th of August and it is open to visitors throughout the year, but in specific timetables.

The Monastery of Agios Nikolaos

It is located southwest of Metsovo, in the valley of the Metsovitikos River. The monastery has a long history, although we don’t know exactly when it was built. However, it must be one of the oldest monasteries in the region, since it refers to the Byzantine Golden Bull of 1332, while in 1380 it is mentioned as a possible abbot and the abbot of Metsovo Isaiah who was blinded by the despot Thomas Prelubovic. The abbot Isaiah was an envoy from Constantinople and was the “ambassador” of religion, the Greek language and generally of the Byzantine spirit in Epirus, in the position key of the zyvoo of Metsovo. 

Reference is made again later in a document of 1650 stating that the monastery participated in the operating expenses of the then school of Metsovo

Its foundation goes back to the late Byzantine period (13th c.). The monastery was a rich religious center in the area of Metsovo and, as it was in a focal point, on the mountain pass of Zygos, it was a station for merchants and travellers who passed from Epirus to Thessaly. Its importance was mentioned by the English traveler Leake in 1805. The monastery of St. Nicholas was first renovated around 1700.

At its great peak, the monastery was one of the most important and most famous of the region and very rich with many fields, vineyards, nand watermills. The decline began shortly before World War I (1914-1918) and was completed when the Metropolis of Ioannina sold several of its estates, so the monks, without revenues anymore, were forced to abandon it definitively (1925). It was deserted until 1960 when the Michael Tositsa Foundation undertook to make a new renovation with the care of E. Averof-Tositsas.

The Katholikon of the monastery is vaulted and the frescoes internally, which are kept in relatively good condition, date back to 1702 and are the work of painter Efstathiou  according to an inscription on the left of the arched entrance to the south side of the temple. In the narthex of the universal hosted collection of images. The most important is the icon of St. Nicholas, a work of 1698.

The special feature of the monastery is the belfry of wood, material that abounds in the area.

The monastery is surrounded by stables, warehouses cells and other auxiliary buildings that are kept in quite good condition. At the entrance of the Katholikon there are the chains and the collars where they formerly tied the psychopaths who came here for treatment.

It is not only a beautiful and serene place but a living monument of viticulture and winemaking. Vineyards are spread around it, while in its cellars there is a huge barrel of wine (Karouta) that holds about 27 tons!

The Neomartyr Nikolaos

The Chapel of Martyr Nikolaos of Metsovo is attached to the southeastern side of the portico of the primary church of St. Nicholas Monastery and founded in 1800. The neomartyr Nikolaos was born in Metsovo in the late 16th century. His secular name, before his suffering, was Nikolaos Basdanis. He was martyred in the central square of Trikala where he was burned alive. Nikolaos was enlisted as a martyr in the conscience of the Christians early. He was officially listed in the Orthodox Almanac of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in 1988.

The Monastery of Zoodochos Pigi

The Zoodochos Pigi Monastery is built near Anthochori of Metsovo at Kokkino Lithari ( Red Stone) site. Locals call it the Red Stone Monastery (Kiatra Rosia in the Vlachs), due to the steep, spectacular red rocks to its east, where formerly there were hermitages.

It is believed that it was founded in the 17th century and was renovated in 1732 by Stergios Dafos, as recorded in the estate inscription. Due to its location near the main road it was a station for the caravans traveling from Epirus to Thessaly and the Balkans. In 1820 it was destroyed by Ottoman troops moving to Ioannina against Ali Pasha, and its monks were slaughtered. It was abandoned about a century later, in 1927

Today the monastery is completely renovated and on both sides there is a corner complex with auxiliary spaces and cells. In the center is the church, built of stone and covered with slabs. The architecture of the temple refers to the Mount Athos type (cruciform temple with dome).

Noteworthy is the wood-carved reredos originally built in the 17th century. All parts of it survived the fire of 1840 have been incorporated into the new 19th century.

The Monastery of Panagia Chrysovitsa

The Byzantine monastery of Panagia Chrysovitsa is located in the homonymous village of Chrysovitsa and is dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. The catholicon of the Monastery is a preserved monument. The oral tradition states that the village itself took its name from the icon of the Virgin Mary, which – always according to the oral tradition – wandered successively from the first church of Chrysovitzis in the Trichonida Province where the icon was found in 533 AD. , in various places religiously to end up in the village of Chrysovitsa. The monastery was rich and mixed with monks and nuns.

<p>The post Tribute to Metsovo – The Vlach village with tradition and history first appeared on Epirus Explorer.</p>

The route is circular, and the hike starts from the road outside Syrrako near the chapel of Saint George, passes through Kalarrites, and ends back in Syrrako, crossing two different paths.

The first path goes through the Batza forest, reaching the Kouiasa bridge that spans the Kalarritikos River. Upon reaching the bridge, a path to the left leads to the Kouiasa waterfall and the old watermill, which is renovated and operational during the summer months. The location at this point is among the most beautiful in the area. The natural pools formed near the waterfall are ideal for those who can withstand the cold waters—and there are many who can. We are in the gorge of the Kalarritikos, and words cannot describe the beauty of nature.

From there, the return to the Kouiasa bridge continues until the start of the second “Kouiasa – Pouliana” path towards Kalarrytes. The descent of the previous route is now an ascent, but the reward is the stunning view of the peaks: Kakarditsa, Katafygi, and Gerakobouni.

The path reaches just below the square of Kalarrytes. A stop in Kalarrytes, this beautiful village, is both enchanting for its location and its architecture.

We continue to the second section of the route. Crossing the village, we reach the edge and take the path that leads to Syrrako. We descend into the gorge of Chrousia or Stavraetos, another impressive setting. The path is safe because protective railings are in place at dangerous points. There are some difficulties at the very steep areas, but we overcome them as the railings provide significant help.

We proceed with a view of the opposite slope, and soon we catch sight of Syrrako, with its houses appearing literally hung on the gorge. We continue and hear the river’s roar becoming clearer, indicating that we are nearing the riverbed. We make a stop to view from above the uniquely renovated watermill.

Upon reaching the riverbed, a small metal bridge facilitates crossing the river. In the past, the river was spanned by an old stone single-arch bridge known as the Chrousia bridge, which was destroyed during a river surge. It was the first of the stone bridges built to ease the crossing of a very challenging path that ascended to the chapel of Prophet Elias, passed Baros, and descended to the Aspropotamos area in Thessaly (from “Bridgeography of Pindus” by Spyros I. Mantas, Volume II, page 359).

Then, the ascent to Syrrako begins. We leave the coolness of the water and enjoy the view from this side. The gorge, in all its wildness and majesty, unfolds before us. Upon reaching the old wagon that was used for transporting goods to and from the watermills, we have arrived at the edge of Syrrako.

Syrrako is a true gem of Tzoumerka, with its authentic traditional architecture. It is the homeland of Kostas Krystallis, the unfortunate poet who, however, managed to celebrate the beauty of the mountains during his short life. The route within the village, the two stone bridges with the cobblestone path between them—the Pountea Noua (new bridge) and the Pountea Nik (small bridge)—and the Fantanitsa spring, provide a final glimpse of a wonderful day.

One last look, one last photograph of Syrrako, and a promise not to miss the autumn colors of Tzoumerka.

<p>The post Exploring Tzoumerka: A Circular Route from Syrrako to Kalarrites first appeared on Epirus Explorer.</p>

History and Information

The area of the village, as it appears from the findings, has been inhabited since the Copper Age. The raids of the Slavs in the lowlands during the 7th century forced the inhabitants to ascend and settle in the mountains and inaccessible locations for greater security. Somewhere between 10th-12th c. the Vlach-speaking Greeks, mainly breeders who lived a half-life, appeared in the area.

Kalarrytes Today

Today Kalarrytes is a typical mountain village that fortunately has not deserted like other villages and there is life even in the winter. The permanent residents are about 15-20 people, most retirees. In the summer, however, it is filled with people, both by the visitors and by the migrated who have repaired their homes and are visiting their homeland.

The inhabitants are mainly engaged in livestock and tourism. In the village, we should bear in mind that cars are not in circulation, because its cobblestone cannot be mistreated. In the center of the village on the beautiful paved square that is also the center of community life, there is a huge plane tree and the large stairs reminiscent of a theater and serve as a seat for spectators when celebrations and events are held.

What to see in and around Kalarrytes

The sights of the village include the mansions of: Voulgaris, Bazakis, Barboutis, Nessis, Tourtouris, Paraschis, Patouni, Raftanis, Baikousis, Kostadimas. Of these, others are preserved and others dilapidated.

Architecture

Kalarrytes is a proclaimed traditional settlement. Along with neighboring Syrrako are the only villages that keep this architecture unchanged in the south of the prefecture of Ioannina. The gray stone of the place is also the basic building material and the wood from Pramanta and Melissourgoi. The transfer was carried out with animals (mules), which was very expensive. The same is true today when residents want to maintain or build new homes. The same happens today when residents want to maintain or build new homes.

The architecture is simple and strict and the windows feature blue, green or brown colors with interior wooden shutters due to the cold winter. The Kalarrytian residence, like all in the Epirus area, is usually two-storey or three-storey, with auxiliary spaces on the ground floor. On the upper floor(anogi) there are the accommodation and reception rooms, the winter (ontas) with the fireplace made of porous stone and with broad sofas covered with woolen woven and the summer one (hotziares).

The village gets water from several beautiful stone fountains built with traditional architecture.

Bridges

The Bridge of Kouiasa

It is a stone one-arched bridge on the road that goes up to the village, in the homonymous location, at 742m. altitude, over the Kalarrytiko River and in a very nice natural landscape in its ravine. Unfortunately, dense vegetation makes it almost invisible. It is accessible by a small path (there is a sign on the road). It has foundations in the rock and an auxiliary arched opening.

It was built in 1800, unknown by whom, with money offered by Kalarrytes to be able to pass their caravans. Some maintenance works have been done since the bridge has been damaged by landslides. Quite above the bridge is a restored watermill with mantani and dristella (constructions with a large wooden bucket in which water is dropped from above by pressure and in which clothes, carpets or covers are placed for cleaning).

Filos Bridge

It is a stone single-arched bridge at 749m. altitude above Kalarrytikos river, next to the road to Kalarrytes. It has a relief opening and a low parapet on its sides. It was built in 1908 by the master builder Filos from Agnanta, hence the name. It is kept in good condition, although without any repair or maintenance. It is located on the road to Kalarrytes near an iron bridge Bailey type and there is a sign on it.

Raftanis Bridge

It is a two-arched bridge with a relief opening between the arches. It is located under the monastery of Kipina and is one of the oldest bridges of Arachthos.

It bridges the Kalarrytikos River and its name, as the Bridge of the Station, is due to the Greek military penitentiary that existed there until 1912. The financier of the construction seems to have been the abbot Kallinikos of the monastery of Kipina.

Karlibou Bridge

One-arched bridge in the homonymous location at 750m. altitude, above the homonymous stream that is poured into Kalarrytikos river. Affordable with a small path that starts from the main road and continues for the Vyliza Monastery near the village Matsouki. It is kept in good condition, although without any repair or maintenance, but it has been drowned by vegetation. The name Karlibοu is of Vlach origin and refers to the crook (glitsa) that is necessary for the crossing of the gorge. There were old mantania and watermills but they have not been saved.

Churches, Monasteris and Chapels

Agios (Saint) Nikolaos (patron of the village)

It is a large three-aisled basilica with impressive dome. It is unknown when it was built but after the destruction of 1821 it was remarkably repaired by the repatriates. It is a triune church and the three aisles are dedicated to Agios Nikolaos (central), Agios Charalampos (right) and Agioi Pantes (left).

Moni Kipinas

On the road to Kalarrites, high on a sheer cliff about 40 meters tall and above the gorge carved by the Kalarritikos River, there lies an unseen religious treasure. The Kipina Monastery, dedicated to the Dormition of the Theotokos, is literally embedded in the rock, offering an unobstructed view of the surrounding peaks. According to the founder’s inscription, it was built in 1349 and belongs to the small settlement of Mystras (formerly Armporousi or Armporisi).

Activities

Starting from the easiest: Walking through the village and the nearby paths, fishing of wild red trout in Kalarrytiκos River and swimming in its clean but frozen waters. There are also difficult but impressive: Hiking routes and mountaineering in the nearby locations of Mount Lakmos that rises above the village, climbing to the mountain pastures of the village and to the highlands of Verliga Lake of the third legendary dragon lake of Pindos.

Also a very beautiful (a bit tiring) route is the crossing of the path (about 3 km) that connects the two villages of Kalarrytes-Syrrako for centuries.

With your car you can cross the Baros passage and reach Anthousa and Chaliki and the other villages of the Aspropotamos area.

Floating downhill rides in the Kalarrytikos and Arachthos rivers is a unique experience for the lovers of these activities. Besides, there are offices that organize such activities.

Accommodation

In recent years the settlement has been developing tourism. The old mansions have been restored and transformed into stylish guesthouses combining traditional architectural character with a comfortable stay.

Food

In a mountainous area, family-run taverns maintain traditional cuisine with traditional recipes and main products are forage (famous for grilled and cooked meats). A nice specialty is the nanes (wild grass that grows on mountains after the snow) with fried feta (Greek cheese), oil and a little garlic.  Also famous and delicious are the eEpiruspies such as grass-pies, cheese- pies, milk-pies, rice-pies, batsaria (a varietal grassh-pie with dough of corn flour).  And of course wild trout from the river, local tsipouro and wine.

<p>The post Kalarrytes – The beautiful traditional village first appeared on Epirus Explorer.</p>